Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common health problem, in which numerous small cysts(fluid-filled sacs) develop in the ovaries, which affects a woman’s hormone levels. Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods or excess male hormones(androgen) levels. They also struggle to become pregnant and are at higher risk of developing complications during pregnancy. Insulin resistance, where the body’s cells do not respond effectively to insulin, is often seen in individuals with PCOS. This can lead to elevated insulin levels in the blood, which in turn can stimulate the ovaries to produce more androgens, such as testosterone. The excess androgens can disrupt the normal menstrual cycle and lead to symptoms such as acne, hirsutism (excess facial or body hair), and male-pattern baldness.
